I was fascinated by the question, . Working for somebody else was never going to work for me, ever.” – Stephen Key, entrepreneur, inventor, and bestselling author of One Simple Idea. I never actually thought of it in this way before, but Stephen is absolutely right. Passive income refers to scalability, not to sleeping all day. Scalability to me is absolutely essential in building a business, because it goes hand in hand with the multiplier effect. Personally, I do this in two ways: through my podcast and my software products. I can create something like my podcast once and put it out there, after which it can multiply and literally get listened to by tens of thousands of people around the world. Instead of me going and knocking on a door, shaking hands with somebody, and meeting them, I create a multiplier effect, which is absolutely essential. That is how you should see passive income and the way it’s created. Do things that can scale and become bigger than you could ever make them. I achieve the same effect when creating software products, like Velocity. Page. Even though I have to do ongoing development and maintenance, I basically build the product and that’s that. Whether I sell one or a hundred software licenses a day does not influence my workload. That is absolute scalability. I fully agree with Stephen: if you want unlimited wealth and the potential of being able to take yourself out of the equation at some point, you need to have that effect. It is impossible to achieve when you work for somebody else. That other person, the owner of the company, will be the one who gets the multiplier effect. The HEFT is now in over 1,000 stores across Canada." — Marco L. PKF Product Key Finder is Windows application designed for recovering and finding product keys to over +5000 software programs: Windows 8.1, Windows 8, Windows 7. National News,Affair Current Event National,Current National Affair,Current National Issue,Business National News,Current National News,National Latest News,National. Action Figures, Toys, Bobble Heads, Gifts, and Collectibles. Mint Condition Guaranteed, 90-Day Hassle Free Returns, Low Price Guarantee, Risk Free Shopping, Thousands. UpdateStar is compatible with Windows platforms. UpdateStar has been tested to meet all of the technical requirements to be compatible with Windows 10, 8.1, Windows 8. Find your own multiplier effect and enjoy it. Your Million Dollar Dream: Regain Control & Be Your Own Boss #1 on Amazon in Marketing, Entrepreneurship & Home- Based Businesses. Her other bestselling titles include; The Mom Inventors Handbook: How to Turn Your Great Idea into the Next Big Thing; Secrets of Millionaire Moms: Learn How They Turned Great Ideas into Booming Businesses – and How You Can Too! And, The One Page Business Plan for Women in Business co- authored with Jim Horan. And, How Hot is Your Product: Find Out if Your Product Idea Will Make or Cost you Money! His invent. Right philosophy dovetails perfectly into what is required to prosper in the world of Open Innovation because the winning concepts are often those that are creative and well- articulated without being fully developed into finished products.”- Michael Collins, CEO of Big Idea Group and Author of, “The Million- Dollar Idea in Everyone.”From Inventor Organizations & Industry Leaders. I didn't get a chance after the presentation to thank you again for your giving of your valuable time to speak with us in Minnesota this week. We at the Inventor's Network are very lucky to have you support us as a group, and encourage us as individual inventors.— Ken G. Inventors Network Minnesota. Stephen Key cares about inventors. He wants us to be successful. Stephen has become a real friend of Inventors Network. Since 2. 01. 1, he has touched many of us with his practical and inspiring message, but what I and others that know him appreciate most is his decency. He believes in paying it forward and what he does is truly unique to this industry and makes us all better. I was in meetings all day yesterday, and my blackberry buzzed at least 4. The messages I received yesterday, said that they were blown away by your presentation, and that you are the best speaker we ever had. I would have to agree! Thank You !– Joe Gross, President Edison Inventors Assoication, Fort Myers, FLThank you so much for coming to Lexington and being the keynote speaker at our Inventors Conference. The crowd was amazing; the seats were filled with more people standing in the back and out the door of the auditorium! I could tell our attendees were very amped up as we adjourned to the exhibits. You were inspiring, dynamic and educational. You could tell it was a very eye- opening experience for so many that were there. We would certainly look forward having you come back and speak for us in the future. Again, we so appreciate the contribution of your time and talent at our annual Inventors Conference.– Don Skaggs, President, Central Kentucky Inventors Council! We have never had such a turnout with standing room only and people standing outside the door trying to get a glimpse of your talk. In addition, we have never had so many new members signing up at one time. I was getting hand cramps just writing membership receipts. Membership money and applications were coming from every where. Furthermore, we have never had such an after meeting turnout at the Black Eyed Pea. In short, your presence broke records!!! After the meeting, I had numerous people, including patent attorneys, tell me what a wonderful speaker you were and how much they learned in ways that they have never heard before. Many asked when and if you will be coming back. I was standing in the back of the room and never saw so many people taking notes, including patent attorneys. We definitely will invite you to come back in the future and hope that you can make it. His approach offers people the education they need to be successful whether they do it themselves or choose to hire a service provider. The credibility he brings as an inventor who has made money on his ideas is inspiring and his understanding of various industries and changing markets is invaluable.”Carrie Jeske - President, Inventors Club of Kansas City. He speaks from a place not beholden to the politics of organized inventor marketing groups and shares his passion as a successful inventor entrepreneur. He really wants to make a difference and help inventors chart a successful course to getting products on the market and ultimately make money. I know that I will apply his ten steps to my inventions in the future and appreciate all of his encouragement and advice. The webinar format worked great with Stephen doing the talking and Andrew handling the video portion and asking the tough questions - -- it came across really well. I got quite a few messages from people who attended expressing their appreciation for the great information (and effective presentation) you two provided. The process Stephen outlined was practical and straight forward. As founder and President of the Austin Inventors group I received a lot of positive feedback about his approach and process given it was such a refreshing perspective. I would recommend to any inventor or entrepreneur in the ideation phase of the process to enjoy and benefit from Stephen's insights. Chris Ritchie, President, AIEA. I have just browsed both your web sites, and of course I'm just blown away!! The depth and truth of it are totally amazing!! I too have been helping inventors for a long time, but not to even a fraction of the extent your work is. I find it hard to believe that someone is actually giving sound advice to inventors about the mysterious world of . Now at last I will be able to steer clients to your websites and by doing so, help them far beyond what I ever hoped I could. Thank you again - - so very much!! You are my hero's now, so guess what the topic of interest will be at our next NIA meeting.. I can hardly wait to spread the word. Through stories of his own inventing adventures Stephen made complex patent and licensing subjects more easy to understand. Glen Kotapish, Past President, Inventors Network of the Capital Area, www. I invited Stephen Key of Invent. Right to be the guest speaker at the monthly meeting of the Nevada Inventor’s Association last July. His presentation was incredible and members of our club continue to state that he was the most informative and helpful guest speaker we had in 2. Stephen Key and Invent. Right are truly an asset to the inventing community.- Sharon Nickson Cox Past President, Nevada Inventor’s Association, Reno, NVJust a quick note to say WOW!!! This is one of the most comprehensive presentations on the subject I have ever heard. Some really interesting slants. Some very provocative concepts that I must admit I might not have agreed with before but now do.– Leo Mazur, President, Inventors Society of South Florida. Thank you for coming to Minnesota to conduct the seminar for Inventors' Network. Since the seminar I have received all nature of enthusiastic comments from our attendees, such as. We can always learn new ways of doing things. I am now studying the market place in a fresh new way. The day of the seminar, we filled the meeting room to capacity. At the end of the seminar nearly all of the 6. Right. I can speak for the group and tell you all are satisfied with there decision to advance their education and are making continued progress in inventing and marketing their inventions. Paul, Minnesota(Pictured above with Stephen are left to right Deb Hess, Executive Director of Minnesota Inventors Congress; Carmen Oliver - Vice President, Inventors' Network; and Jack Smith President, Inventors' Network.“His stories as a successful inventor himself, as well as the stories of his students and those who he consults with, form the basis of the lessons in One Simple Idea. I don’t recommend all that many books, although I am asked to review many. Without hesitation I recommend Key’s book and think it should be required reading for any motivated inventor.” - Gene Quinn. I wanted to personally thank you for helping to promote our Discovery Day event that took place last week at the National Constitution Center in Philadelphia. The day was a rousing success and exceeded all of our expectations with over 4. I have attached a link to a local media news outlet that covered the event to give you a feel for the day. Click here to see the news segment. Thanks again for your help in bringing this to the forefront for inventors! Andy Mc. Kinley, Vice President of Strategy and Business Development.
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Judicial system legal definition of judicial system. The branch of government that is endowed with the authority to interpret and apply the law, adjudicate legal disputes, and otherwise administer justice. The U. S. From many of the nation's law professors to leading members of its foremost bar association, some legal experts think this assertion is regrettably all too true. Only federal judges and a handful of state judges are appointed for life, barring Impeachment. In all other states and in local governments, most judges are elected by popular vote for a specific term. Voters tend to elect persons who share their views. The same is true for most gubernatorial appointments, although in many states this tendency is tempered by senatorial confirmation. Inescapably, the development of platforms that represent the most popular, prevailing, or promising views is a political process. In the words of John Adams's Massachusetts constitution, it has always been the desire to make judges . The extent is arguable, but few would deny that judges assume the bench based on how others perceive they will run the court: conservatively or liberally. Ostensible checks and balances exist, of course. All judges are expected to follow ethical standards requiring disinterested and unbiased opinions, which most do. Most states have a Code of Judicial Conduct and/or ethics for this purpose, generally fashioned from that of the American Bar Association (ABA). You will find some conflicting views from some of these authors. You will also find that all the authors are deeply concerned about the future of America. Regarding the evolution of judicial system and judicial training, Justice Qureshi said, We have travelled a long way in terms of training of judicial officers but. Magna Carta, charter of English liberties granted by King John in 1215. These codes proscribe many instances of campaign conduct for prospective and current judges. Judges cannot personally solicit or accept campaign funds and often are prohibited from identifying themselves with any political party. Typically, they must run on a non- partisan ticket. But nothing prevents political action committees (PACs) from making campaign contributions to judges. Watch breaking news videos, viral videos and original video clips on CNN.com. Here are links to the Provincial and Supreme Court forms used in the self-help guides on this site, as well as some links to sample completed forms. Some scoff at the imposition of limits. In Georgia in 2. 00. Supreme Court seats garnered more than $7. Electing judges, however, is unnecessary. As an alternative, some point to the pioneering Missouri system. Under this system a governor appoints all state trial and appellate judges with the advice and consent of the legislature. Still another variation seeks to further depoliticize such choices by requiring a governor to select among nominees submitted by a selection panel or special nominating committee. Support for reform is growing. In Michigan, Senator Ken Sikkema introduced a bill in 2. Constitutional amendment allowing the governor to appoint justices to a single 1. Elizabeth Weaver. More dramatically, the ABA has called for a sweeping overhaul of the current state system. In 2. 00. 3, the ABA Commission on the 2. Century Judiciary warned that partisanship over the courts was escalating to crisis levels. Among 2. 3 recommendations, the commission called for limiting judges to service of either one long term or until a specific age, without eligibility for retention or reelection. Such limits are needed to . Reform might eliminate so- called . Moreover, judges may lose independence out of fear that certain opinions will be used against them in negative campaign ads. Another blemish that might be cured is that of real or perceived lawyer Lobbying. For years, attorneys—particularly plaintiffs' lawyers—have outspent the largest oil and automotive companies in judicial campaign contributions. The ABA has spoken out sharply against attorneys contributing to campaigns of judges before whom they do frequent business or from whom they wish to gain court- appointed business. Yet just like other campaign contributors, attorneys are exercising their speech rights under the First Amendment. Concerns about politicization of the judiciary soared during the unusual 2. When Florida circuit judge Nikki Ann Clark, an African American and a Democrat, was assigned one of the election cases seeking to invalidate as many as 1. Florida's Seminole County, candidate george w. Just weeks before, Bush's brother, Republican Florida governor Jeb Bush, had bypassed her for a state appellate court vacancy. She refused to recuse herself, issuing a decision unfavorable to Bush and favorable to Florida's African–American voters. After her decision was upheld by both the appellate court and the Florida Supreme Court, critics complained that their justices had been appointed by Democratic governors. Both sides, in fact, found much to complain about. After a sharply divided U. S. Supreme Court reversed the Florida Supreme Court and halted the manual recount of votes (Bush v. L. Ed. 2d 3. 88 . Only a Bush victory would have allowed her to retire knowing that a conservative replacement would be found for her on the Court. Further readings. Justice at Stake Campaign. Available online at < www. Viewer. asp? breadcrumb=3,3. July 1. 5, 2. 00. Gore and the Conservatives: Gary Rosen & Critics. Commentary 1. 13 (March). Ezzard, Martha. Supreme Court Used Its Power to Act as Political Partisans, Not Judges of a Court of Law. Available online at < www. July 1. 5, 2. 00. Cross- references. American Bar Association; Code of Judicial Conduct; Elections; Term Limits. Many early societies chose a private system of revenge for dispute resolution. As civilization gradually evolved, and the system of revenge was perceived as counterproductive to society, communities began designating individuals to resolve disputes in accordance with established norms and customs. These individuals were usually leaders who were expected to exercise their judgment in an impartial manner. The origins of judicial action, judicial power, and judicial process may be traced to the first communities that relied on neutral third parties to resolve legal disputes. Judicial action is any action taken by a court or other judicial body to interpret, apply, or declare what the law is on a particular issue during a legal proceeding. It is also the action taken by a judicial body to settle a legal dispute by issuing an opinion, order, decree, or judgment. Judicial power is the authority of a court to hear a particular lawsuit or legal dispute, and take judicial action with regard to it. Judicial process is the procedures by which a court takes judicial action or exercises its judicial power. Ancient Greece, one of the earliest known societies in Western civilization, employed a combination of judicial procedures. Greek rulers, known as arkhons, were empowered to hear a variety of disputes, as was the agora, a group of respected elders in the community. A court known as the Areopagus heard murder cases, and direct retaliation by private citizens was still permitted in many civil disputes. The judicial powers of these institutions were gradually replaced by the Ekklesia, an assembly of six thousand jurors that was divided into smaller panels to hear particular cases. Juries played an integral role in the development of the English judicial system. As more legal disputes were submitted to juries for resolution, this system became more self- conscious. Concerns were expressed that both judges and juries were rendering biased decisions based on irrelevant and untrustworthy evidence. Litigants complained that trial procedures were haphazard, Arbitrary, and unfair. Losing parties sought effective remedies to redress erroneous decisions made at the trial court level. Each of these concerns has manifested itself in the modern judicial system of the United States. The blueprints for the U. S. During that year the U. S. Constitution was formally adopted by the states. Article III of the Constitution delineates the general structure of the federal judicial system, including the powers and obligations of federal courts. The Judiciary Act of 1. Stat. The blueprints for the state judicial systems were created similarly by state constitutional and statutory provisions. The U. S. In some instances both state and federal courts have the power to hear a legal dispute that arises from a single set of circumstances. For example, four Los Angeles police officers who were accused of participating in the 1. Rodney G. King faced prosecution for excessive use of force in both state and federal court. In other instances a state or federal court has exclusive jurisdiction over a particular legal matter. For example, state courts typically have exclusive jurisdiction over matrimonial law, and federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction over Bankruptcy law. Separation of Powers. Under the separation- of- powers doctrine, the judiciary shares power with the executive and legislative branches of government at both the state and federal levels. The judiciary is delegated the duty of interpreting and applying the laws that are passed by the legislature and enforced by the Executive Branch. Article I of the U. S. Constitution grants Congress its lawmaking power, and Article II authorizes the president to sign and Veto legislation and to execute laws that are enacted. Article III grants the federal judiciary the power to adjudicate, among other things, lawsuits that arise under the Constitution, congressional law, and treaties with foreign countries. Federal judges, including Supreme Court justices, are not elected to office. Instead, they are appointed to office by the president of the United States with the advice and consent of the Senate. Once appointed, federal judges hold office for life, unless they resign or are impeached for . On one hand, the federal judiciary runs the risk of growing out of touch with popular sentiment because it is being immunized from the electorate. On the other hand, it is considered necessary for the judiciary to remain independent of popular will so that judges will decide cases according to legal principles, not political considerations. In many states judges are elected to office. Nonetheless, each state constitution similarly delegates powers among the three branches of government. Paul Stramer - Lincoln County Watch. Rev. Leonard Goffine's. The Church's Year. Why is this Sunday called Dominica in Albis or White Sunday? Because on this day the neophytes laid aside the white dress which, as emblem of their innocence, they received on Holy Saturday, and put on their necks an Agnus Dei, made of white wax, and blessed by the pope, to remind them always of the innocence for which they were given, and of the meekness of the Lamb Jesus. For which reason the Church sings at the Introit: INTROIT As newborn babes, alleluia: desire the rational milk without guile. Alleluia, alleluia, alleluia. Rejoice to God our helper: sing aloud to the God of Jacob. LXXX.) Glory, & c. COLLECT Grant, we beseech Thee, Almighty God, that we, who have completed the paschal solemnities may, through Thy merciful bounty, ever retain them in our life and conversation. Through. EPISTLE (I John V. Dearly Beloved, Whatsoever is born of God overcometh the world; and this is the victory which overcometh the world, our faith. Who is he that overcometh the world, but he that believeth that Jesus is the Son of God? This is he that came by water and blood, Jesus Christ: not by water only, but by water and blood. And it is the spirit which testifieth that Christ is the truth. And there are three who give testimony in heaven: the Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost: and these three are one. And there are three that give testi. If we receive the testimony of men, the testimony of God is greater: for this is the testimony of God, which is greater, because he hath testified of his Son. He that believeth in the Son of God, hath the testimony of God in himself. INSTRUCTION As in his gospel, so in his epistles, and especially in this, St. John proves the divinity of Christ which had been denied by some heretics. He says that Christ had come to purify all men from sin by water and blood, that is, by. His blood shed on the cross for our rec. This His divine dignity is attested by the Holy Ghost who lived in Christ and worked through Him with His fulness, and when sent by Him after our Lord's Ascension, produced most won. As now on earth three, the Spirit, water, and blood, give testimony of Christ's divinity and agree in it, so also in heaven three, the Father, who calls Him His beloved Son, (Matt, III. Word, or the Son Himself, who wrought so many miracles, the Holy Ghost, when He descended upon Him at the baptism in the Jordan, (Luke III. His divinity, and these also agree with one another in their testimony. If Christ is truly God, then we must believe in Him, and this faith must be a living one, that is, it must prove fertile in good works, and this faith conquers the world by teaching us to love God above all, to despise the world with its pleasures, and to overcome it by indif. Let us strive to have such faith, and we shal overcome all temptations and gain the eternal crown. ASPIRATION O Lord Jesus! At that time, When it was late that same day, the first of the week and the doors were shut,where the disciples were gathered together, for fear of the Jews, Jesus came, and stood in the midst, and said to them: Peace be to you. And when he had said this, he showed them his hands and his side. The disciples therefore were glad, when, they saw the Lord. He said therefore to them again: Peace be to you. As the Father hath sent me, I also send you. When he had said this, he breathed on them; and he said to them: Receive ye the Holy Ghost; whose sins you shall forgive, they are forgiven them: and whose sins you shall retain, they are retained. Now Thomas, one of the twelve, who is called Didymus, was not with them when Jesus came. The other disciples therefore said to him: We have seen the Lord. But he said to them: Except I shall see in his hands the print of the nails, and put my finger into the place of the nails, and put my hand into his side, I will not believe. And after eight days, again his disciples were within, and Thomas with them. Jesus cometh, the doors being shut, and stood in the midst, and said: Peace be to you. Then he said to Thomas: Put in thy finger hither, and see my hands, and bring hither thy hand, and put it into my side; and be not faithless, but believing. Thomas answered and said to him: My Lord and my God. Jesus saith to him: Because thou hast seen me, Thomas, thou hast believed: blessed are they that have not seen, and have believed.* Many other signs also did Jesus in the sight of his disciples, which are not written in this book. But these are written, that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God; and that, believing, you may have life in his name.* What follows is omitted on the Feast of St. Thomas, 2. 1st of December. Why does Christ so often wish peace to the apostles? To show that He only, by His death a. There is a threefold peace: peace with God, by avoid. This threefold peace is necessary for our salvation. Why did Jesus breathe upon the apostles when giving them the power to forgive sin? To show that as bodily life was once given to Adam by the breath of God, so should the spiritual life be given henceforth by the apostles and their successors, through the Holy Ghost in the Sacrament of Penance, to the children of Adam who were spiritually dead. Why did God permit Thomas to doubt the Resurrection of Christ? That Thomas, as well as we, says St. Gregory, should be strengthened in humble belief in the Resurrection of Christ, and that all doubts should be removed. Had Thomas true faith when with his own eyes he saw Christ? Yes, for he saw Christ only in His humanity, and yet testified to His divinity by exclaiming: My Lord and my God! Is it true, meritorious faith not to be ready to believe before seeing that which is to be believed? By no means; for faith consists precisely in firmly hold. Therefore Christ calls him blessed who has not seen and yet believes. When is faith true and meritorious? That is true faith which firmly believes all that God has revealed, whether written or unwritten, and when one lives in accordance with that faith; for faith in Jesus simply does not save us, when that which He has commanded is not performed. That faith is meritorious which without doubting and without hesitation willingly submits the understanding to revealed truths which it cannot comprehend, and this for the love of God who is eternal truth and cannot deceive. Whence do we know for certain that God has revealed certain things? From the Church of Christ which alone preserves the revealed word of God faithfully and uncorrupted, as it is contained in the Bible and in tradition; by the Holy Ghost all truth is given to the Church, and Christ remains with her until the end of the world. Has the Church of Christ any marks by which it may be known? Christ's Church has these four marks: it is One, it is Holy, it is Catholic, and it is Apostolic. How is the, Church one? The Church is one, because all its members agree in one faith, are all in one communion, and are all under one head. How is the Church Holy? The Church is Holy, in her Founder, Jesus Christ, and by teaching a holy doctrine, by inviting all to a holy life, and by the eminent holiness of so many thousands of her children. How is the Church Catholic? The Church is Catholic or Universal, because she subsists in all ages, teaches all nations, (Matt. How is the Church Apostolic? The Church is Apostolic, because she comes down by a perpetual succession from the apostles of Christ, and has her doctrines her orders, and her mission from them. Which is this true Church? The Roman Catholic Church, for she alone has these marks. She is One in her head, the Pope of Rome, in her doctrine, and in her Sacraments, which is evident since she excludes all those who do not accept all her dogmas. Holy, for Christ her Founder is holy; and her doctrine and Sacraments lead to holiness, as shown by the multitude of her saints whose sanctity God arms by great miracles. She is Catholic or Universal, for she has been in existence always from the times of the apostles, as is clearly shown by the fact that from the times of the apostles there have always been some who separated from her and founded sects. The Catholic Church has always existed, and cannot perish or be. She is Apostolic, for she accepts no doctrine which does not come from the apostles, and she can prove that the ministers of the Church, the bishops, have come down in unbroken succession from the apostles. Can those who remain outside the Catholic Church be, saved? The Council of Trent (Sess. The Catholic Church does not condemn the unbelievers, she prays for them, leaves judgment to the Lord, who alone knows the heart, and knows whether the error is culpable or not, and she calls on all her, members to pray for their enlightenment. Are we then already saved, if we belong to the true Church? No, we must also live up to the faith which she teaches make good use of all means of salvation, regard and honor all her regulations and commands, for otherwise the words of Christ will be verified in us: And I say to you that many shall come from the east and the west, and shall sit down with Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, in the kingdom of heaven: but the children of the kingdom (the true Church) shall be cast out into exterior darkness. Lost psu for Arachnid electronic dart board - - no specs in manual or on device. Hopefully, the Ars hive mind can come thru for me because Google has failed me in this respect (or maybe my Google- Fu just sucks..)I have this dart board: I think it's an Arachnid Cricket Pro 6. Anyway, I have misplaced the power supply. There are no specs in the manual on what kind of DC power source it takes and it isn't labeled anywhere on the device. Does anyone have this dartboard? If so, would you please tell me the VDC and pin- out on your powersupply so I can locate a compatible one? Our Game Room Furniture section has all the main pieces for your man cave or living room needs. Find the best styles in tables, couches, cabinets and lots more. Rules for playing more than 40 UNIQUE dart games plus links, software and other dart related info. Shop Tailgating Supplies at Staples. Choose from our wide selection of Tailgating Supplies and get fast & free shipping on select orders. Since 1986 Arachnid has run BullShooter Regionals around the United States throughout every dart season. At this time Arachnid also began to concentrate on marketing. Remote Play Dart Game of the Month v1. The newest soft-tipped dart game from Arachnid 360 and the first installment in our new series, Remote Play Dart Game of the. DMI Sports produces the range of Arachnid electronic dart boards for home use. All these dartboards can support up to eight players and feature micro-thin. File Analyzer is a powerful and flexible harddisk space manager for Windows All.Find out which folders are the largest,which kinds of files are the most,and show you. Sejarah dunia - Wikipedia Bahasa Melayu, ensiklopedia bebas. Daripada Wikipedia, ensiklopedia bebas. Sejarah dunia, menurut kebiasaan, adalah sejarah manusia, dari kemunculan Homo sapiens sehingga masa kini. Sejarah manusia ditanda oleh kedua- dua jumpaan dan ciptaan secara beransur- ansur, dan juga lompatan kuantum (quantum leap) — anjakan paradigma, dan revolusi — yang merangkumi mercu tanda dalam evolusi kerohanian dan duniawi kemanusiaan. Sejarah manusia, berbanding dengan pra sejarah, pada masa lalu dikatakan bermula dengan ciptaan, secara bebas dibeberapa tapak di bumi, tulisan, yang menjadi infrastruktur bagi penyebaran ingatan yang berterusan dan tepat dan dengan itu penting bagi penyebaran dan perkembangan pengetahuaan. Proses perkembangan ini, digalakkan oleh persaingan dan pertelingkahan antara masyarakat yang berjiran, semakin berkembang merentasi alaf kepada negara lebih besar, dan kemudiannya negara super atau empayar. Braudel Capitalism And Material Life Pdf ReaderBraudel Capitalism And Material Life Pdf ConverterCapitalism is an economic system based on private ownership of the means of production and their operation for profit. Characteristics central to capitalism include. Robert Cox on World Orders, Historical Change, and the Purpose of Theory in International Relations. View Notes - Macroeconomics+(Third+Edition)+-+Charles+I.+Jones.pdf from ECON 110A at UCSD. MACROECONOMICS Third Edition MACROECONOMICS Third Edition Charles I. The History and Context of the Rojava Revolution. Text as a zine: Web PDF . This text is the introduction to our book A Small Key Can Open A Large Door. Professor Frank Trentmann. On research leave 2016/17. History (First), MA and PhD Harvard University (History) Professor of History. Di Eropah, kejatuhan Empayar Rom Barat (4. Zaman Pertengahan. Seribu tahun semudian, pada pertengahan abad ke- 1. Johannes Gutenberg bagi percetakan moden, menggunakan jenis boleh gerak, merevolusi perhubungan, membantu mengakhiri Zaman Pertengahan dan membawa masuk zaman moden, Renaissance dan Revolusi Saintifik. Menjelang abad ke- 1. Eropah, telah sampai tahap kritikal yang mencetuskan kehadiran Revolusi Perindustrian. Lebih suku- alaf sejak itu, perkembangan pengetahuan, teknologi, perdagangan, dan — bersamanya — potensi kemusnahan akibat perang telah meningkat berganda secara geometri mencipta peluang dan bahaya yang kini mengancam masyarakat manusia yang tinggal bersama di planet ini. Zaman Paleolitik Awal (Lower Paleolithic) sebelum Homo sapiens, bermula dengan Homo habilis dan pengunaan terawal perkakas batu sejak 2. Homo sapiens berasal sekitar 2. Zaman Paleolitik Pertengahan. Pada satu ketika pada Pertengahan Paleolitik, manusia turut membangunkan bahasa, muzik, seni awal, dan juga pengkebumian mayat secara sistematik. Manusia berkembang dari Afrika Timur ke Timur Dekat sekitar 8. Asia Selatan dan Australasia sekitar 6. Eropah dan ke timur ke Asia Tengah sekitar 4. Amerika sejak sekitar 3. Zaman Paleolitik Akhir (Upper Paleolithic) dianggap bermula sejak 4. Perkembangan ke Amerika Utara dan Oceania berlaku pada kemuncak Zaman Air Batu terkini, ketika kawasan sederhana amat tidak seduai untuk diduduki. Menjelang akhir Zaman Air Batu sekitar 1. Sepanjang zaman Paleolitik, manusia biasanya hidup sebagai pemburu- pengumpul nomad. Masyarakat pemburu- pengumpul cenderung terdiri dari kumpulan agak kecil dan sama taraf (egalitarian), sungguhpun masyarakat pemburu- pengumpul dengan sumber makanan yang kaya atau mempunyai teknik penyimpanan makanan yang maju kadang kala membangunkan cara hidup tenang (sedentary), struktur masyarakat rumit seperti mempunyai ketua, dan pengelasan masyarakat; dan membolehkan hubungan jarak jauh, seperti bagi kes highway orang asli Australia. Di sesetengah kawasan, seperti Timur Dekat, pertanian telahpun dilaksanakan menjelang hujung Zaman Pleistosen, dan di situ Mesolitik adalah pendek dan tidak jelas. Di kawasan yang mempunyai kesan glasial terhad, istilah Epipaleolitik kadang- kala digunakan. Kawasan yang mengalami kesan persekitaran lebih besar seperti zaman air batu terakhir mempunyai lebih banyak bukti era Mesolitik, beralaf lamanya. Di Eropah Utara, masyarakat mampu hidup mudah dengan bekalan makanan yang banyak dari tanah paya terbentuk akibat cuaca lebih panas. Keadaan sedemikian menghasilkan tabiat manusia yang dikekalkan dalam rekod bahan, seperti oleh kebudayaan Maglemosian dan Azilian. Keadaan sedemikian turut melewatkan kedatangan Neolitik sehingga 4. SM (6,0. 00 tahun dahulu) di Eropah Utara. Peninggalan dari tempoh ini adalah sedikit dan jarang dijumpai, seringkali terhad pada buangan. Di kawasan berhutan, tanda pertama nyahhutan telah dijumpai, sungguhpun ini hanya bermula dengan meluas semasa Neolitik, apabila lebih banyak kawasan diperlukan bagi pertanian. Di kebanyakan kawasan, Mesolitik mempunyai ciri- ciri perkakasan batu komposit kecil — mikrolit dan mikroburin. Alat pancing, kapak batu dan objek kayu, contoh. Kanu dan busur panah turut dijumpai disesetengah kawasan. Teknologi ini mula muncul di Afrika, dikaitkan dengan budaya Azilian, sebelum merebak ke Eropah menerusi budaya Ibero- Maurusian di Sepanyol dan Portugis, dan budaya Kebaran di Palestin. Kemungkinan ciptaan ini berlaku secara serentak tidak boleh diabaikan. Semasa Mesolitik sama seperti tempoh Paleolitik sebelumnya, manusia tinggal dalam suku kecil dan puak (kebanyakan sama taraf). Ini merupakan tempoh pembangunan teknologi dan masyarakat primitif, pada akhir . Orang- orang Sumer pertama mula menanam sekitar 9. SM. Menjelang 7. 00. SM, pertanian telah tersebar ke India; menjelang 6. SM, ke Mesir; menjelang 5. SM, ke China. Sekitar 2. SM, pertanian telah tiba ke Mesoamerika. Sungguhpun perhatian cenderung tertumpu pada Hilal Subur. Timur Tengah, kajian arkeologi di Amerika, Timur Asia dan Asia Tenggara menunjukkan bahawa sistem pertanian, menggunakan tanaman dan haiwan berlainan, mungkin dalam sesetengah kes berkembang di sana hampir sama awalnya. Perkembangan pengairan teratur, dan penggunaan tenaga kerja khas, oleh Sumeria, bermula sekitar 5. SM. Batu digantikan dengan gangsa dan perkakasan besi bagi pertanian dan perperangan. Penempatan pertanian sehingga itu hampir sepenuhnya bergantung kepada perkakasan batu. Di Eurasia, perkakasan tembaga dan gangsa, hiasan dan senjata telah menjadi biasa sekitar 3. SM. Selepas gangsa, kawasan Mediterranean Timur, Timur Tengah dan China mula menggunakan perkakasan dan senjata besi. Budaya Moche bagaimanapun memiliki perisai, pisau dan pinggang mangkuk logam. Malah puak Inca yang kekurangan logam telahpun memiliki bajak bermata logam, sekurang- kurangnya selepas penaklukan Chimor. Bagaimanapun, kurang penyelidikan arkeologi dijalankan di Peru, dan hampir kesemua khipus (peranti rakaman, dalam bentuk simpulan, yang digunakan oleh Inca) telah dibakar semasa penaklukan Sepanyol ke atas Peru. Sehingga akhir 2. Sesetengah cari gali menunjukkan bahawa besi mungkin telah dihasilkan di situ sebelum ia dimajukan di Eropah. Tempat kelahiran tamadun awal adalah lembah sungai, seperti lembah Sungai Furat dan Tigris di Mesopotamia, lembah Nil di Mesir, lembah Indus di subbenua India, dan lembah Yangtze dan Sungai Kuning di China. Sesetengah kaum nomad, seperti penduduk asli Australia dan Bushmen di Afrika Selatan tidak bercucuk- tanam sehingga baru- baru ini. Sebelum 1. 80. 0, kebanyakan penduduk tidak tergolong dalam negara. Para saintis bertelingkah sama ada istilah . Kebanyakan masyarakat puak, di Eropah dan tempat lain, membentuk negara apabila mereka diancam, ataupun diceroboh oleh negara sedia ada. Contohnya adalah Marcomanni, Poland dan Lithuania. Negara dan pasaran muncul. Teknologi meningkatkan kemampuan manusia bagi mengawal alam sekitar dan membangunkan sistem pengangkutan dan perhubungan. Revolusi Pertanian pertama mendorong kepada beberapa perubahan utama. Ia membenarkan penduduk lebih padat, yang mengikut masa membentuk negeri. Terdapat beberapa takrifan bagi istilah, . Ia telah dibina semula dan diperkukuhkan beberapa kali semenjak itu. Negeri pertama dipercayai muncul di Mesopotamia, barat Iran, Mesir Purba dan Lembah Indus pada akhir alaf ke- 4 dan awal alaf ke- 3 SM. Semasa Zaman Gangsa di Mesopotamia dan Iran, terdapat beberapa negeri- bandar. Mesir Purba bermula sebagai negeri tanpa bandar, tetapi kemudian membangunkannya. Negeri muncul di China pada akhir alaf ke- 3 dan awal alaf ke- 2 SM. Sesebuah negeri biasanya memerlukan tentera bagi menguatkuasa kekuatan secara sah. Tentera pula memerlukan birokrat bagi mengekalkannya. Satu- satunya pengecualian kepada aturan ini kelihatannya bagi tamadun Lembah Indus, iaitu tidak terdapat bukti bagi kewujudan kuasa tentera. Perang utama berlaku antara negara di Timur Tengah. Sekitar 1. 27. 5 Sebelum Masihi, Hittite di bawah Muwatalli II dan Mesir di bawah Ramesses II menandatangani perjanjian Kadesh, perjanjian keamanan tertua dunia. Menjelang masa itu, kebanyakan orang di Eropah, Asia dan Afrika Utara merupakan sebahagian dari negara. Terdapat juga negara di Mexico dan barat Amerika Selatan. Negara mengawal semakin banyak jajahan dan penduduk dunia; kawasan . Pembangunan pertanian membenarkan penubuhan bandar pertama. Ini adalah pusat perdagangan, pengilangan, dan kuasa politik dengan hampir tiada keluaran pertanian mereka sendiri. Bandar menubuhkan hubungan simbiosis dengan kawasan desa sekeliling, menyerap keluaran pertanian dan sebaliknya memberikan barangan dan pelbagai tahap perlindungan tentera. Pembangunan bandar menghasilkan secara etimologi dan juga kebangkitan tamadun itu sendiri: pertama tamadun Sumeria, di bahagian bawah Mesopotamia (3. SM), diikuti oleh tamadun Mesir sepanjang sungai Nil (3. SM) dan tamadun Harappan di Lembah Indus (3. SM). Bandar besar didirikan, dengan kerumitan ekonomi dan masyarakat tahap tinggi. Setiap tamadun ini begitu berbeza sesama sendiri sehinggakan ia hampir pasti berasal secara berasingan. Ia dalam tompoh ini, dan disebabkan keperluan menguruskan bandar, hinggakan tulisan dan perdagangan meluas diperkenalkan. Penulisan terawal yang diketahui adalah skrip kuneiform, dicipta oleh orang- orang Sumeria sejak sekitar 3. SM. Tulisan Kuneiform bermula sebagai sistem piktograf. Melalui masa, lambang gambar dipermudahkan dan menjadi lebih abstrak. Kuneiform ditulis pada kepingan tanah liat, dari mana simbol dilukis dengan mensiang tumpul sebagai stilus. Abjad pertama digunakan pada Zaman Gangsa Pertengahan (2. SM). Darinya terbentuk abjad Phoenicia, yang digunakan bagi menulis Phoenicia. Abjad Phoenicia merupakan leluhur kebanyakan sistem tulisan yang digunakan hari ini. Di China, masyarakat proto- bandar mungkin telah terbentuk dari 2. SM, tetapi dinasti pertama yang dikenal pasti oleh pakar arkeologi adalah Dinasti Shang. Pada alaf ke- 2 SM melihat kewujudan tamadun di Caanan, Crete, tanah besar Yunani, dan Turki tengah. The MAUDE database houses medical device reports submitted to the FDA by mandatory reporters 1 (manufacturers, importers and device user facilities) and voluntary. DMesh, Triangulation Image Generator. DMesh, designed by Dofl Y. H. Yun, is a custom creative application that turns images into techy artwork. It works by analyzing an image and generating a triangulation pattern for a beautiful finished product. To build the program, Dofl employed a groundbreaking mix of computer vision technologies to make DMesh for someone without any design background. Since its release, DMesh has taken the media by storm. DMesh, designed by Dofl Yun, is a custom creative application that turns images into techy artwork. It works by analyzing an image and generating a triangulation. Okino's PolyTrans & NuGraf, plus SOLIDWORKS CAD importer, are long term defacto standards for moving SOLIDWORKS 3D assembly data (.sldasm), parts (.sldprt) and. Find ZBrush Retailers, and stores that offer prodcuct sales, pricing and purchase. Welcome to C4D Cafe forum, largest CINEMA 4D forum and best place to learn CINEMA 4D and 3D in general. We are friendly group of hobby and professional artists all. It’s been featured in the Creative Applications Network. Creativity Magazine and Fastcodesign. Dofl continues to field requests from professional motion designers and 3. D animations, and expects to continue adding features and adapting DMesh for the people who use it for a very long time. Okino's 3. D CAD Converters and Translators for SOLIDWORKS to 3ds Max, MAX, Cinema- 4. D (C4. D), Sketch. Up, Maya, Light. Wave, U3. D Acrobat, Unity, NGRAIN, FBX, COLLADA and more. Okino's Poly. Trans. A subset of secondary functionality also. SOLIDWORKS data. As such, it is the. D asset data out of SOLIDWORKS and into all major downstream. SOLIDWORKS to Cinema- 4. D via Okino's Poly. Trans CAD System. Artist: Christoph Bodensieck, . SOLIDWORKS to Maya via Poly. Trans- for- Maya. Rendered with Art. VPS. Product Design Engineer: Stuart Wells . Hong Kong. Click on image to see full scale rendition. Okino's Nu. Graf software also provides the added. The software imports crack- free geometry. SOLIDWORKS files or from a running copy. SOLIDWORKS. Our solutions are used around the world. Reliability. robustness and personal one- on- one developer- to- customer support have always been the. No longer will you be dependent upon. SOLIDWORKS for 3. D rendering, animation or data translation; rather, assemblies can now. DCC and. Vis. Sim authoring plus animation systems on the market, or to Okino's Nu. Graf software for. D scene data optimization. For those who have never heard of Okino, or of our SOLIDWORKS conversion solution, the following is some key background information and facts. We use the actual SOLIDWORKS source code, or connect directly into the inner core. SOLIDWORKS, so the conversion process will always result in crack. D models. We do not use intermediate file formats or. This process will work 'out of the box' for all. CAD expert or animator alike. These are very refined and efficient CAD pipelines, being used by tens. D professional users. There is no concept of spending days or weeks 'trying' or. CAD data into these programs, where no such process existed before. Okino's primary calling card and forte in the 3. D industry for. decades. This processor is. D CAD conversion software pipeline. Turn. it on and it'll wrangle large and unwieldy CAD assemblies into refined datasets for. A very important point for our animation. SOLIDWORKS converter. Okino licenses its entire suite of industry standard, native, CAD modules in the. Dual- CAD- Granite/Pack (minus native JT and CATIA). These are not reverse engineered. CAD modules but rather de facto industry standard implementations. ACIS SAT, Autodesk Inventor, DXF/DWG. Auto. CAD), DWF- 3. D (ideal for Auto. CAD, Navis. Works and Revit). IGES solids, Parasolid, encrypted and native Pro. E (licensed from PTC itself). Rhino- 3. D, SOLIDWORKS, Solid Edge, STEP solids, STL, VDA- FS, XGL and X3. D. We know CAD conversion. Unlike faceless. companies where support may be non- existent, we personally know thousands of. This has come about partly from our good software users, and also from the main Okino CAD programmers who have been specializing in CAD to non- CAD conversion software since 1. This is most important when importing large CAD models into 3ds Max, Maya or Light. Wave. These animation packages can have performance problems when the source CAD model is large, and/or has a large number of individual parts (which is often the case with the BREP model topology of data provided by SOLIDWORKS). While not often needed for SOLIDWORKS files. Okino polygon reduction system. CAD model. Our multi- step wizard provides complete control over the import process, and we have adhered to the strictest of SOLIDWORKS API usage and guidelines. Many CAD systems like SOLIDWORKS have basic material parameters (like color, ambient + diffuse shading coefficients, opacity, etc) but when they are transferred over to a rendering and animation system they often look . This can be expected and is quite normal. The material tweak parameters easily allow such saturated shading values to be automatically compensated. Once inside Nu. Graf (or Poly. Trans), the data can be easily re- exported to any of the supported Okino 3. D file formats. Our software is constantly in use by thousands of the most well known companies around the world, as listed on our users WEB page. This feature can be disabled so that assembly- level part modifications within SOLIDWORKS (and using the automation import mode) can be imported, such as per- instance colors and feature changes (such as per- part hole cuts). It is often said by our users that . I was using the program within 5 minutes of installing it. Common tools such as pan, zoom, orbit, dolly, tilt, zoom extents and 'center on selected objects' are not more than a button push away (they are accessible by pressing the window caption bars). The Okino SOLIDWORKS . Geometry, hierarchy and materials can be refreshed. Beginners can use the default options, whereas experts have access to a good number of data processing and optimization options. Our renderers have been absolutely stable and bug free for close to a decade. Okino's name and products have always been synonymous with . A wide selection of Okino and customer generated imagery can be viewed online here. Okino was one of the first companies to work. We are now well into our. Open. GL implementation. Our current system uses the best of Open. GL technology: display lists. Open. GL . Okino was one of the. For the expert user, you will be pleased to find many dialog boxes filled with interesting and usable options, such as the . Beginners can feel comfortable with the fact that all dialog boxes default to . You will find Okino software is the most feature packaged data translation, optimization and rendering solution for SOLIDWORKS users based on the sheer amount of development that has been invested in the Okino software since 1. This is an exposed set of functions which SOLIDWORKS . Okino's SOLIDWORKS importer queries all the part, assembly and material data from the running copy of SOLIDWORKS using this COM interface. Windows then executes SOLIDWORKS, the application on the right side above, and loads in the specified SOLIDWORKS data file. Object mesh data, hierarchy and materials are then directly transferred to the Okino application for subsequent rendering or further data translation. Once the conversion has taken place the connection is closed and SOLIDWORKS is allowed to exit. Anatomically modern Carboniferous harvestmen demonstrate early cladogenesis and stasis in Opiliones : Nature Communications. Systematic palaeontology of Ameticos scolos. Class Arachnida Order Opiliones Sundevall, 1. Suborder Dyspnoi Hansen & S. From Greek, ametikos, of harvest and skolos, thorn. Specimen MNHN- SOT 0. Collection Sotty 2, deposited in the Mus. Fig. 2., animation in Supplementary Movie 1). Locality, horizon and age. Montceau- les- Mines Lagerst. Dyspnoid harvestman with an elliptical body, broad prosoma/opisthosoma marked by ridge, and opisthosoma bearing three pairs of prominent spines. Cuticle ornamented with deep rounded pits. Figure 1: Virtual fossils of Carboniferous Opiliones. Evolutionary Biology of Harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones) Annual Review of Entomology. A multilocus approach to harvestman (Arachnida: Opiliones). Computer reconstructions of two new species of harvestman from the Stephanian Montceau- les- Mines Lagerst. Scale bar, a–c, 5 mm; d,e, 5 mm; f, 5 mm; g. Figure 2: Idealized reconstructions. The probable appearance in life of A. Scale bar, 5 mm. Description. Large, elliptical body, 9. Fig. Dorsal surface well resolved, prosoma wide, flat and pitted towards the posterior. Subtle medial ridge runs from posterior to a small ocularium at anterior margin of carapace, drawn into a small projection. Left ventral surface heavily crushed, coxae of walking legs resolved on right (Fig. Chelicerae small, three segmented, poorly resolved, total length 0. Pedipalps also small, terminal claw not evident, either reduced or absent, podomeres tentatively identified as follows: femur 0. Most complete walking leg third left; trochanter 1. Femur proximally thin, but becomes bulbous towards the patella, longest in second limb despite premature truncation. Two walking legs (first and third right) truncate between trochanter and femur. Opisthosoma (5. 6. Five tergites resolved (1: 1. Surface strongly ornamented with spherical pits, 0. Five sternites visible (Fig. Next four well resolved, decreasing in size posteriorly. Systematic palaeontology of Macrogyion cronus. Suborder Eupnoi Hansen & S. From Greek makros, long + gyion, limb and Cronus/Kronos, father of Zeus, Hades and Poseidon, and god of the harvest. Holotype. Specimen MNHN- SOT 0. Collection Sotty 2, deposited in the Mus. Fig. 2, animation in Supplementary Movie 2). Previously figured by Dunlop. Locality, horizon and age. 2012 — A scientist has discovered a harvestman with a leg span of more than 33 centimetres. A harvestman (Arachnida: Opiliones). The Biology of Opiliones. Tree of Life Opiliones. All you ever wanted to know about Harvestman, but were too afraid. Montceau- les- Mines Lagerst. Eupnoid with mid- prosomal ocularium, palp tibia bearing distal apophysis and a bi- lobed ridge on dorsal opisthosoma. Description. Oval body 6. Fig. Third left coxa and opisthosoma partially crushed, cuticle poorly resolved, likely thin and leathery in life. Maximum dorso- ventral thickness 5. Robust three- segmented chelicerae well preserved, between pedipalps (Fig. Gracile pedipalps well preserved, held aloft and in front of the prosoma. Terminal apotelic claw. Podomeres (lengths) are tarsus (2. Walking legs elongate (Fig. Evolutionary Biology of Harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones). The Harvestmen (Opiliones) is a fascinating but greatly neglected group related to. This is a comprehensive, but expensive, review of harvestman biology. Limb bends to a sub- horizontal patella (2. Curved, highly annulated tarsus (1. Third left walking leg ventrally orientated from trochanter, preserving a small portion of a disarticulated coxa, trochanter (0. Truncated mid- metatarsus. All other limbs directed dorsally and truncated to top of femur, with exception of first right truncated post- patella. Prosoma slightly distorted, 3. Coxae well preserved, increasing in size posteriorly from 2. Intercoxal region marked by medial groove but poorly resolved. Opisthosoma (4. 8. Anterior dorsal opisthosoma bears a small bi- lobed ridge. Ventral opisthosoma with five clear sternites (Fig. Phylogenetic analyses. Parsimony analysis of the unweighted morphological characters in TNT1. SPR, TBR and tree fusing and asking to retrieve minimum tree length 1,0. The strict consensus of these trees finds monophyly of Opiliones, Cyphophthalmi, Phalangida, Opilionidae, Hesperonemastoma + Sabaconidae, Laniatores as well as some structure within Cyphophthalmi and Laniatores. The fossil taxa are resolved as part of Phalangida, but their exact position is unresolved. Exclusion experiments with the two new fossils are interesting. When no fossils are analysed (or only with Halitherses included), all four suborders are recovered with a topology compatible with those from the previous studies. Symmetric resampling (P=3. M. It is clear that the amount of missing data in key characters for resolving internal Opiliones phylogeny has a negative effect in this data set. Analysis of the same data set under implied weights. This tree is stable to variations in concavity values (k=1, 8. Dyspnoi, including M. Eupnoi and Dyspnoi, strongly supported by the molecular data, had an effect on the stabilization of the fossil taxa. Analyses under equal weights (2,0. M. The NEXUS file for this is provided as Supplementary Software 1. Figure 3: Phylogenetic placement of fossils.(a) A cladogram of fossil and Recent harvestmen, derived from the dataset of refs 5,1. POY under direct optimization, showing the position of Ameticos scolos gen. Numbers at nodes indicate jackknife frequencies/posterior probability of the implied alignment analysed in Mr. Bayes/posterior probability of the MAFFT alignment analysed in Mr. Bayes—further details of cladistics can be found in the Methods. Fossil- only taxa represented in red. Images on right show b, M. Scale bar, b,c, 2 mm; d,e, 1 mm. Analysis of molecular data only in Mr. Bayes yielded a topology compatible with the POY tree presented by ref. Laniatores as sister group to all other Opiliones and Cyphophthalmi as sister group to Palpatores. This result is interesting, as both the data sets and analyses are very different between these two publications. Support for the suborder relationships are, however, low, although Opiliones and each suborder receive a posterior probability of 1. The analyses of the combined data set of morphology and molecules in Mr. Bayes supported the more traditional view, with monophyly of Opiliones, Phalangida, and Palpatores, suggesting that the addition of the morphology has a positive impact with respect to the molecular data alone. When the fossils were added to the analyses, the topology was identical, and in both alignments (implied alignment from POY and MAFFT) Macrogyion was placed with Eupnoi and Ameticos with Dyspnoi, however, PP values are below 0. Macrogyion within Eupnoi in the MAFFT and implied alignment analyses, respectively; 0. Ameticos . 4). Figure 4: Phylogram of fossil and Recent harvestmen. This is derived from the dataset of refs 5,1. Mr. Bayes, and shows the position of Ameticos scolos gen. Numbers at nodes indicate posterior probabilities. We also evaluated the residual trees evaluated by Mr. Bayes, and in no case did Ameticos fall outside Dyspnoi. In the case of Macrogyion, there is only one conflicting topology, placing it with Dyspnoi instead of Eupnoi (PP=0. Eupnoi (PP=0. 8. 4). All analyses therefore support the same placement of the fossils. In conclusion, most analyses assign M. While confidence is low, the results suggest placement in the above suborders rather than in any of the others. The presence of an ocular tubercle and lack of ozophores clearly identifies the two fossils as members of Phalangida, but preservation does not allow for the identification of the eyes. Dyspnoi are characterized by the presence of diaphanous cheliceral teeth, the lack of a palpal tarsal claw, and for having a palpal tarsus shorter than the tibia. Preservation of the chelicerae does not allow for distinction of the teeth, and, although the lack of a palpal claw is inferred from the reconstruction, podomere delimitation is uncertain. Therefore, the lack of the claw is the only character that could identify Ameticos scolos as a member of Dyspnoi. Other characters such as the forwardly projecting ocularium or the dorsal spination resemble those of the genus Acuclavella, but this was not included in the matrix. Genitalic characters, which constitute the basis for most of the taxonomy within these clades, are not available for either fossil. Enjoy A Season's Worth Of Amazing Giannis Antetokounmpo Highlights. With all the heat generated by this year’s MVP race, it sometimes felt like many of the league’s other stars weren’t getting the second- half attention they probably deserved. Karl- Anthony Towns was out there crushing people every night while we argued Westbrook Vs. Harden, and, oh by the way, Giannis Antetokounmpo was putting the finishing touches on a historically dominant season. Giannis finished up leading his team in points, rebounds, assists, blocks, and steals per game, becoming just the fifth player in NBA history to do so. He also became the first player to ever finish in the top 2. Anyway, the NBA has compiled the above highlight reel of Antetokounmpo’s season, and it is the good shit. Please enjoy all the cool dunks, blocks, and passes. Carlos Martinez was pulled in the sixth inning today with his Cardinals losing to the Yankees by a score of 3-0, which probably seems like a pretty unlikely. Retrouvez toutes les discothèque Marseille et se retrouver dans les plus grandes soirées en discothèque à Marseille. In finance, an exchange rate (also known as a foreign-exchange rate, forex rate, ER, FX rate or Agio) between two currencies is the rate at which one currency will be. In case you missed it, the moment of birth is embedded below along with the livestream. There’s still more to come. The calf is already attempting to stand up and. With Depp’s interpretation of Bulger soon hitting screens, we thought it was time to take a look at his competition, new and old, on big screens and small, in the. Fort de notre expérience de 7 ans dans le E-commerce et dans la création de site internet, nous vous proposons de mettre nos compétences techniques au service de. The Lone Ranger was named so because the character is the only survivor of a group of six Texas Rangers, rather than because he works alone (as he is usually. Herramientas de nivel profesional Pinnacle Studio |
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